Key Evidence #1
observationalPublic scholarly dataCitation signal: 423
The results do not support use of oral iron supplementation in patients with HFrEF and iron deficiency, and high-dose oral iron did not improve exercise capacity over 16 weeks.
Tier-BPublic-ready6/15/2026
Iron
Cognition, memory, and focus is the main area connected here, and any felt benefit should be read together with the human evidence base.
Some human supplement-context evidence is present and directly informs the score.
Representative tier calculated from paper evidence that passed the collection audit.
Papers analyzed
20
Caution signal
Low
Representative score
61.5
Cognition, memory, and focus
Main benefit evidence
The representative ingredient tier is calculated from these target-level evidence groups.
Cognition and focus2 studiesTier-BCognition, memory, and focusFairly consistent positive signal in studiesFelt benefit focusSupplement contextPotential benefit studied in Cognition and focus.Open metrics>
Cognition and focus
2 studiesTier-B
Cognition, memory, and focus
Fairly consistent positive signal in studiesFelt benefit focusSupplement context
Potential benefit studied in Cognition and focus.
Open metrics
>Cognition, memory, and focus
No direct rate reported. Read direction and evidence strength together.
Evidence score
58.0
Score reflects signal strength. Tier also considers paper count, repetition, and study context.
Recent research
Updated This Month10 new papers
10 new papers were added in this period. No new risk signal was identified.
What's new
10 new papers were added.No new risk signal was identified.
Most notable recent finding
This is the most meaningful new study in the latest update.
Why it mattersIt ranked highest among the newly collected papers for this ingredient in the latest update.
View paperStudy dosage range (reference only)
Lower dose
19.6
mg/dayHigher dose
19.6
mg/dayDosages used in research papers, shown as reference context.
Not personal dosing instructions, recommendations, or safety limits.
Key cautions to review
Standalone side-effect signals and combination cautions are listed separately.
Caution index
1.3
Caution band: Low
Caution signals
3
Side effects + combos + curated rules
Key precautions
No combination caution signal is clear enough to show right now. This does not guarantee safety.
Standalone side effects, combination cautions, and positive combos are separated below.
Standalone side effects
Birth and infant adverse health outcomes1 papers
Emerging evidence suggests a U-shaped risk curve where both low and high iron status are associated with adverse birth and infant health outcomes, raising concerns about high iron intakes in iron-replete pregnant women and infants.human · systematic-reviewAdverse side effects (vs daily)1 papers
Women receiving iron supplements intermittently were less likely to have any adverse side effects than those receiving iron supplements daily (RR 0.41, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.82; moderate-quality evidence).human · systematic-reviewAdverse side effects (any)1 papers
Women receiving intermittent iron supplements were more likely to have any adverse side effects than those in the control group (RR 1.98, 95% CI 0.31 to 12.72; moderate-quality evidence).human · systematic-reviewEvidence summaries
Paper IDs and full lists are private. Only study types and summaries are shown.
Key Evidence #2
observationalPublic scholarly dataCitation signal: 343
Deferiprone therapy was well tolerated and was associated with a reduced dentate and caudate nucleus iron content compared to placebo, which supports more extensive clinical trials into the potential benefits of iron chelation in PD.
Key Evidence #3
observationalPublic scholarly dataCitation signal: 249
Prophylactic antenatal oral iron supplements when given intermittently were not effective in preventing iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy.
3 more summariesLimited representative sample by study type.>
Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 165
observationalAmong blood donors with normal hemoglobin levels, low-dose iron supplementation, compared with no supplementation, reduced time to 80% recovery of the postdonation decrease in hemoglobin concentration in donors with low ferritin (≤26 ng/mL) or higher ferritin
Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 160
observationalThis review considers the physiology of iron as a nutrient and how this physiology informs decision-making about weighing the benefits and risks of iron supplementation in iron-deficient, iron-sufficient, and iron-overloaded pregnant women and children.
Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 147
observationalIn patients with METS, phlebotomy, with consecutive reduction of body iron stores, lowered BP and resulted in improvements in markers of cardiovascular risk and glycemic control.
Iron
arrow_backBack to listEvidence score: 61.5|Caution index: 1.3