Iodine

Tier-BPublic-ready6/26/2026

Blood-Level or Deficiency Marker is closer to a research marker, so it should be read separately from a directly felt benefit.

Human evidence exists, but it is mostly in patient or disease contexts, so the score is handled conservatively.

Representative tier calculated from paper evidence that passed the collection audit.

Papers analyzed

Caution signal

Low

Representative score

66.1

Blood-Level or Deficiency MarkerMenstrual and women's healthGlucose and metabolic health markers

Main benefit evidence

The representative ingredient tier is calculated from these target-level evidence groups.

Nutrient status and deficiency

2 studiesTier-C

Blood-Level or Deficiency Marker

Fairly consistent positive signal in studiesResearch marker focusPatient-group study

This is based on lab markers such as blood levels, deficiency correction, or absorption. Read it separately from directly felt outcomes.

Evidence score

48.7

Study context

Patient-group study

This score reflects the strength of this benefit group. The ingredient tier also considers paper count, repetition, population, and study context.

Women's health

2 studiesTier-C

Menstrual and women's health

Fairly consistent positive signal in studiesFelt benefit focusPatient-group study

Potential benefit studied in Women's health. These findings come from a defined study population, so everyday effects may differ.

Evidence score

48.7

Study context

Patient-group study

This score reflects the strength of this benefit group. The ingredient tier also considers paper count, repetition, population, and study context.

Glucose and metabolic health

1 studiesTier-C

Glucose and metabolic health markers

Some positive signal observedResearch marker focusPatient-group study

This card is closer to a measured biomarker or lab outcome than a directly felt user benefit. These findings come from a defined study population, so everyday effects may differ.

Evidence score

44.0

Study context

Patient-group study

This score reflects the strength of this benefit group. The ingredient tier also considers paper count, repetition, population, and study context.

Cognition and focus

2 studiesTier-C

Cognition, memory, and focus

Some positive signal observedFelt benefit focusPatient-group study

Potential benefit studied in Cognition and focus. These findings come from a defined study population, so everyday effects may differ.

Evidence score

27.1

Study context

Patient-group study

This score reflects the strength of this benefit group. The ingredient tier also considers paper count, repetition, population, and study context.

Recent research

Updated This Month10 new papers

Key cautions to review

Standalone side-effect signals and combination cautions are listed separately.

Caution index

0.9

Caution band: Low

Caution signals

Side effects + combos + curated rules

Key precautions

No curated contraindication rule is available yet, but literature caution signals are shown below.

Standalone side effects, combination cautions, and positive combos are separated below.

Standalone side effects

Iodine content in macroalgae products1 papers

Analysis of 96 commercially available macroalgae products revealed highly variable and often excessive iodine content, with 54 products exceeding the tolerable upper intake level per serving, posing a risk of iodine toxicity.human · observational

Evidence summaries

Paper IDs and full lists are private. Only study types and summaries are shown.

Key Evidence #1

Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 279

observational

The association between excess iodine intake and thyroid function is described and guidance on choice of biomarkers to assess iodine intake is provided, with an emphasis on the median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and thyroglobulin.

Key Evidence #2

Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 218

review

It is indicated that nationally representative data are needed to guide the development of nutrition interventions and public health programs, such as dietary diversification, micronutrient fortification and supplementation.

Key Evidence #3

Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 131

meta-analysis

Although universal salt iodization has improved goiter rates, chronic exposure to excess iodine from water or poorly monitored salt are risk factors for hypothyroidism in free-living populations.

3 more summariesLimited representative sample by study type.

Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 126

observational

It is reported that the nontoxic inorganic salt potassium iodide (KI) at a concentration of 100 mM when added to microbial cells (108/mL) + PF (10 μM hematoporphyrin equivalent) + 415 nm light (10 J/cm2) can eradicate (>6 log killing) five different Gram-negat

Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 121

observational

Daily iodine supplementation in mildly iodine-deficient pregnant women had no effect on child neurodevelopment at age 5-6 years and was randomised using mixed-effects models.

Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 116

observational

Fetal brain development is vulnerable to mild to moderate iodine deficiency, particularly in the first trimester, and potential randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of iodine supplementation in women with mild tomoderate iodine deficiency on c

Iodine

Evidence score: 66.1|Caution index: 0.9

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