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Tier-CPublic-ready6/26/2026

Chromium

Glucose and metabolic health markers is closer to a research marker, so it should be read separately from a directly felt benefit.

Human evidence exists, but it is mostly in patient or disease contexts, so the score is handled conservatively.

Representative tier calculated from paper evidence that passed the collection audit.

Papers analyzed
81
Caution signal
Low
Representative score
67.6
Glucose and metabolic health markersCholesterol and triglyceridesBlood pressure and vascular health markers

Main benefit evidence

The representative ingredient tier is calculated from these target-level evidence groups.

Glucose and metabolic health
15 studiesTier-B
Glucose and metabolic health markers
Fairly consistent positive signal in studiesResearch marker focusPatient-group study

This card is closer to a measured biomarker or lab outcome than a directly felt user benefit. These findings come from a defined study population, so everyday effects may differ.

Evidence score
68.0
Study context
Patient-group study

This score reflects the strength of this benefit group. The ingredient tier also considers paper count, repetition, population, and study context.

Blood lipids
4 studiesTier-B
Cholesterol and triglycerides
Fairly consistent positive signal in studiesFelt benefit focusPatient-group study

Potential benefit studied in Blood lipids. These findings come from a defined study population, so everyday effects may differ.

Evidence score
54.6
Study context
Patient-group study

This score reflects the strength of this benefit group. The ingredient tier also considers paper count, repetition, population, and study context.

Blood pressure and vascular health
1 studiesTier-C
Blood pressure and vascular health markers
Some positive signal observedResearch marker focusPatient-group study

This card is closer to a measured biomarker or lab outcome than a directly felt user benefit. These findings come from a defined study population, so everyday effects may differ.

Evidence score
44.0
Study context
Patient-group study

This score reflects the strength of this benefit group. The ingredient tier also considers paper count, repetition, population, and study context.

Women's health
1 studiesTier-C
Menstrual and women's health
Some positive signal observedFelt benefit focusPatient-group study

Potential benefit studied in Women's health. These findings come from a defined study population, so everyday effects may differ.

Evidence score
42.6
Study context
Patient-group study

This score reflects the strength of this benefit group. The ingredient tier also considers paper count, repetition, population, and study context.

Recent research

Updated This Month10 new papers

Key cautions to review

Standalone side-effect signals and combination cautions are listed separately.

Caution index
0.9
Caution band: Low
Caution signals
8
Side effects + combos + curated rules
Key precautions
No curated contraindication rule is available yet, but literature caution signals are shown below.
Standalone side effects, combination cautions, and positive combos are separated below.

Standalone side effects

Genomic instability and DNA damage1 papers
The review identifies chromium as a toxic heavy metal that causes genomic instability and DNA damage through oxidative stress, contributing to carcinogenicity.human · systematic-review
Cr(VI)-induced multistage carcinogenesis1 papers
The review identifies Chromium (specifically Cr(VI)) as a carcinogen linked to genomic instability and epigenetic modifications, noting that individual molecular factors influence toxicity susceptibility.human · systematic-review
toxicity mechanisms1 papers
The review proposes underlying toxicity mechanisms of Chromium exposure via dermal contact, inhalation, and ingestion based on transcriptomic data and bioinformatic analyses.human · systematic-review
hepatotoxicity1 papers
Chromium is implicated as a heavy metal that causes hepatotoxicity through mechanisms including ROS generation, inflammation, and cellular damage, posing a serious threat to human health.human · systematic-review
Chromium toxicity and pollution1 papers
The review states that hexavalent chromium is a hazardous carcinogenic element that negatively affects human health, crop growth, and ecosystems, with toxicity dependent on speciation.human · systematic-review
Lipid metabolism disorder1 papers
Long-term high dose dietary intake of trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) causes lipid metabolism disorder and potential toxicity in coral trout.animal · animal-study
Carcinogenicity and Genotoxicity1 papers
Long-term carcinogenicity studies in rats showed equivocal evidence of carcinogenic activity in males, while no evidence was found in females or mice, leading to the establishment of a NOAEL.animal · animal-study
Adverse effect signal1 papers
The study reported toxic effects of Chromium (III) picolinate on Leydig cells even at low doses under insulin resistance conditions.human · unknown

Evidence summaries

Paper IDs and full lists are private. Only study types and summaries are shown.

Key Evidence #1
Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 2456
review

Comparison of the mechanisms of action of heavy metals reveals similar pathways for these metals to induce toxicity including ROS generation, weakening of the antioxidant defense, enzyme inactivation, and oxidative stress.

Key Evidence #2
Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 626
review

Several studies have shown that chromium is a toxic element that negatively affects plant metabolic activities, hampering crop growth and yield and reducing vegetable and grain quality, so it must be monitored in water, soil, and crop production system.

Key Evidence #3
Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 484
review

This work critically presents their advantages and disadvantages, suggesting a site-specific and accurate evaluation for choosing the best available recovering technology for chromium removal.

3 more summariesLimited representative sample by study type.
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Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 472
review

Inflammation involving TNF-alpha, pro-inflammatory cytokines, MAPK, ERK pathways have been seen in the event of heavy metal hepatotoxicity, which has shown that these heavy metals pose a serious threat to human health in particular and the environment as a who

Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 306
observational

It was concluded that the formulation having a coating level of 50% w/w of core and weight ratio of ethyl cellulose to Eudragit L 100 showed lesser release profile as compared to other formulation, as well as better entrapment of drug leading to controlled rel

Public scholarly dataCitation signal: 282
review

This review summarizes Cr(VI)-bioremediation technologies oriented on practical applications at larger scale technologies and highlights the most relevant results of several investigations focused on process feasibility and the robustness of different systems

Chromium
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